With one foot in the Atlantic and the other in the mountains, Biarritz and the Pays Basque are like an Espelette pepper, one of the favourite flavours of the region, strong yet sweet at the same time. The strength is reflected by the surfers who flock here for the powerful waves. Sweetness comes from the festive life style and the love of great gastronomy that’s inherent in the culture of this region. The tides have shaped the magnificent coastal scenery with its high cliffs, long sandy beaches and wild coves which inspire surfers and beach lovers alike. It’s also an exhilarating place to visit: André Courrèges, the inventor of the miniskirt, lived in Biarritz, though today it’s swimwear that takes the centre stage here…
Where is Biarritz located in French aquitaine?
Distance from Major European Cities
Paris lies 670 kilometers north of Biarritz, with high-speed trains connecting the two cities in just over 4 hours. London travelers can reach this coastal gem in approximately 900 kilometers, while Barcelona beckons 450 kilometers to the southeast.
For those plotting a grand European tour, Madrid stands 384 kilometers away, making Biarritz an ideal stop between France and Spain. Brussels and Amsterdam present longer journeys at 1,063 and 1,274 kilometers respectively, though both offer direct flights to Biarritz's international airport.
The strategic location puts numerous UNESCO World Heritage sites within reach, perfect for cultural day trips. Munich and Rome require longer travel plans at 1,300 and 1,500 kilometers, yet remain popular connecting points for visitors exploring southern Europe.
Why Biarritz Captivates Visitors Year After Year
The enduring appeal of Biarritz stems from its remarkable blend of imperial heritage and modern coastal charm. Napoleon III and Empress Eugénie transformed this former whaling village into an elegant resort, attracting European royalty like Queen Victoria and Edward VII.
The city's thalassotherapy centers offer world-class treatments, drawing health-conscious visitors seeking therapeutic sea waters. Fresh fish markets bustle with activity, while the prestigious golf courses designed in the 19th century continue to challenge enthusiasts.
Near the Spanish border, Biarritz serves exceptional Basque cuisine in both refined restaurants and traditional pintxos bars. The Experimental Group has elevated the contemporary dining scene, making the city a gastronomic destination. Local doctors have long praised the restorative qualities of the Atlantic air, combining wellness with the pleasure of coastal living.
A Tale of Two Cities: History and Modern Life
From Whaling Port to Imperial Resort
Biarritz's remarkable transformation began in the Middle Ages as a humble whaling settlement. The town's maritime heritage lives on in its coat of arms, featuring five sailors pursuing a whale. This legacy shifted dramatically in 1854 when Empress Eugénie fell in love with the village's wild beauty.
Napoleon III commissioned the construction of the Villa Eugénie, drawing European nobility to the coast. The former whaling port blossomed into an elegant seaside destination, welcoming distinguished guests like Queen Victoria and Alfonso XIII of Spain.
The town's evolution brought grand architecture and refined amenities. Notable additions included the Notre-Dame church in 1898 and pioneering thalassotherapy centres, establishing Biarritz as the premier resort of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. By 1900, the once-modest fishing village had become synonymous with sophistication and coastal charm.
Birth of European Surfing Culture
The arrival of American film director Peter Viertel in 1956 marked a pivotal moment for Biarritz. While shooting "The Sun Also Rises," he discovered the perfect waves at Côte des Basques and ordered California's first surfboard to reach European shores.
Local youth quickly embraced this new sport, establishing the pioneering Waikiki Surf Club in 1959. Women like Joëlle Bausset played a crucial role in popularizing surfing, breaking gender barriers in the early 1960s.
The best time for catching waves attracted enthusiasts from across Europe, transforming Biarritz into the continent's surfing capital. By 1964, the first international competitions showcased the city's world-class breaks, cementing its reputation as the birthplace of European surf culture.
Today's Blend of Luxury and Laid-back Living
Modern Biarritz masterfully balances its refined heritage with a relaxed coastal atmosphere. Stylish boutiques along Rue Mazagran showcase designer collections next to laid-back surf shops, while elegant cafés serve both champagne and post-surf espressos.
The real estate market reflects this unique fusion, with oceanfront apartments commanding Paris-level prices of €929 per square foot. Yet the city maintains its authentic charm through local markets and family-run businesses.
Contemporary luxury hotels have embraced this distinctive character, offering high-end amenities alongside surf lessons and beach yoga sessions. The emergence of new-age boutique properties along the western shores perfectly captures this evolution, creating spaces where aristocratic grandeur meets barefoot sophistication.
Iconic Beaches and Coastal Attractions
Grande Plage: The Heart of Beach Life
Grande Plage's iconic striped tents stretch along two kilometers of golden sand, creating a perfect blend of nostalgia and modern beach culture. Children delight in the Mickey Club's supervised activities while parents unwind at nearby cafés and restaurants.
The beach's protected location shields it from strong swells, making it particularly appealing for families with young children. Free WiFi coverage and smoke-free zones enhance the comfort of beachgoers, while professional lifeguards maintain safety from April through November.
During summer mornings, early risers can witness local athletes training alongside vacationing families setting up their spots for the day. The promenade buzzes with energy as street performers entertain passersby, and the nearby Casino Municipal adds a touch of glamour to the seaside setting.
Port Vieux: A Sheltered Swimming Haven
Tucked between dramatic cliffs, this intimate cove offers crystal-clear waters perfect for swimming year-round. The natural rock formations create an amphitheater-like setting, providing shelter from strong ocean currents and winds.
A highlight for adventurous visitors includes the popular diving platform, accessible during high tide. The beach draws dedicated swimmers from the renowned "Ours Blancs" club, who brave the waters even through winter months.
Local cafés perched along the surrounding terraces serve fresh seafood while offering spectacular views across the bay. At low tide, experienced snorkelers explore the exposed rocky outcrops, discovering the rich marine life beneath the surface.
Côte des Basques: Surfers' Paradise
Renowned as the birthplace of European surfing, this legendary beach delivers exceptional waves shaped by its unique southwest-facing orientation. The spot comes alive during mid to low tide, when clean swells roll in from the Bay of Biscay, creating smooth, peeling waves ideal for both beginners and seasoned surfers.
Morning sessions reward early risers with glassy conditions and smaller crowds. The beach's natural amphitheater setting provides shelter from northerly winds, while the majestic Villa Belza stands guard over surfers carving their paths across the waves.
Wave heights typically range from 1 to 2 meters, with autumn bringing the most consistent swells. The beach hosts numerous surf schools, their colorful flags dotting the shoreline as new generations discover the thrill of riding waves against the backdrop of Biarritz's historic architecture.
Must-Visit Cultural Sites
Hotel du Palais: Imperial Grandeur
Built in 1855, this architectural masterpiece stands as Napoleon III's enduring gift to his beloved Empress Eugénie. The hotel's distinctive E-shaped design pays homage to her name, while its striking red and cream façade commands attention along the Biarritz coastline.
Following a meticulous renovation completed in 2021, the property now houses 86 rooms and 56 suites, each reflecting the refined elegance of the Second Empire period. The Rotonde restaurant delights guests with panoramic ocean views and Michelin-starred cuisine crafted by Chef Aurélien Largeau.
The hotel's Guerlain spa and heated saltwater pool offer sublime relaxation opportunities, continuing a wellness tradition that dates back to the 19th century. Notable guests through the years have included Frank Sinatra, Ava Gardner, and countless European royals, cementing its position as the crown jewel of French coastal luxury.
The Majestic Casino Municipal
Gracing the Grande Plage since 1929, this magnificent Art Deco monument showcases the creative genius of architect Alfred Laulhé. The building's clean lines and geometric patterns embody the bold spirit of the Roaring Twenties, marking a dramatic shift from Biarritz's earlier Belle Époque style.
At the heart of the structure lies the spectacular Salle des Ambassadeurs, spanning 660 square meters with breathtaking ocean views. The 840-square-meter terrace provides an unparalleled vantage point for watching sunsets over the Bay of Biscay.
Recent renovations have preserved the casino's period features while adapting to modern needs. Beyond gaming tables, the venue now hosts prestigious cultural events and houses Biarritz's municipal swimming pool, making it a vibrant hub of both entertainment and community life.
Phare de Biarritz Lighthouse Views
Perched 73 meters above sea level, this maritime sentinel rewards visitors who climb its 248 steps with unrivaled 360-degree views across the Bay of Biscay. From its observation deck, you'll spot the Spanish coastline to the south and the endless Landes beaches stretching northward.
The lighthouse's Fresnel lens system, one of the earliest installed in France, continues its nightly vigil with two distinctive white flashes every 10 seconds. This pioneering technology, developed by young genius Augustin Fresnel, revolutionized maritime navigation in the 1830s.
Early morning visits offer the clearest visibility, while sunset transforms the panorama into a canvas of golden hues. Photography enthusiasts gather at dawn to capture the first light illuminating Biarritz's iconic landmarks, from the Grande Plage to the distant Pyrenees peaks.
Modern Attractions for All Ages
Aquarium Adventures by the Sea
Housed in an elegant Art Deco building from 1933, the Biarritz Aquarium welcomes visitors to explore the marine wonders of the Bay of Biscay and beyond. The facility's crown jewel, a massive 1.5-million-liter tank, houses Europe's only scalloped hammerhead shark among its diverse inhabitants.
Marine enthusiasts gather twice daily at 10:30 and 17:00 to watch the charismatic resident seals during their feeding sessions. The Caribbean reef exhibit transports guests to tropical waters, showcasing vibrant coral formations and exotic fish species.
Children delight in meeting Alice, the rescued loggerhead turtle, while the hypnotic jellyfish display provides a mesmerizing underwater ballet. Special behind-the-scenes tours reveal the sophisticated filtration systems that pump and purify seawater directly from the adjacent Bay of Biscay.
Regina Experimental: Contemporary Luxury
Perched majestically above Biarritz Bay, the Regina Experimental blends historic grandeur with modern flair. The property's striking Belle Époque architecture houses 72 rooms adorned in rich hues of mint, navy, and oxblood, each offering sweeping views of the ocean or the renowned Phare golf course.
The hotel's culinary gem, Frenchie Biarritz, serves refined Basque specialties beneath a magnificent glass atrium. Guests unwind at the heated outdoor pool, where the horizon melts into the Atlantic, or retreat to the wellness sanctuary combining Susanne Kaufmann treatments with local Alaena products.
Designer Dorothée Meilichzon's vision transforms every space with bold geometric patterns and custom furnishings, creating an atmosphere where coastal charm meets contemporary sophistication.
Rugby Culture and Local Sports Scene
The Biarritz Olympique Pays Basque stands as a cornerstone of local identity, with its red and white colors igniting passionate support throughout the region. The legendary Parc des Sports Aguiléra resonates with the thunderous cheers of devoted fans during match days, creating an electric atmosphere unique to Basque rugby culture.
Young athletes thrive at the Rugby Training Center, where future stars develop their skills under the guidance of experienced coaches. Beyond the professional scene, local amateur clubs foster community spirit through friendly matches and training sessions, welcoming players of all levels.
The city's dedication to sports excellence extends to its Basque pelota courts, where traditional games unfold alongside modern rugby facilities. Match days transform local bars into vibrant gathering spots where fans debate tactics and celebrate victories well into the evening.
Where to Stay: Accommodation Guide
Luxury Hotels with Ocean Views
The Sofitel Biarritz Le Miramar welcomes guests with 126 elegantly appointed rooms, each featuring private terraces that frame the Atlantic horizon. The property's direct access to Miramar Beach creates an exclusive coastal retreat experience.
Nearby, the Hôtel Le Windsor captivates visitors with its prime location steps from La Grande Plage. Its contemporary blue and white rooms mirror the seaside setting, while the promenade-facing restaurant serves refined Basque cuisine against a backdrop of crashing waves.
For those seeking ultimate privacy, the Hotel Saint Julien occupies a peaceful 19th-century residence. This intimate property boasts panoramic vistas stretching from the Pyrenees peaks to the Bay of Biscay, complemented by serene garden surroundings perfect for morning meditation or sunset aperitifs.
Boutique Hotels in Town Center
The heart of Biarritz harbors intimate accommodations full of local character. Hotel Au Bon Coin stands out with its authentic Basque architecture and personalized service, placing guests steps away from Les Halles market and historic landmarks.
Near Place Clemenceau, the transformed Le Garage blends retro design with modern comfort in its 27 distinctive rooms. The property's former life as an automobile workshop adds a fascinating layer to its current incarnation as a stylish urban retreat.
Tucked along the cobblestone streets, Hotel Edouard VII occupies a restored 19th-century mansion. Its garden courtyard provides a tranquil escape, while the surrounding neighborhood brims with artisanal shops and traditional pintxos bars.
Budget-Friendly Options Near the Beach
Savvy travelers will appreciate Hotel Au Bon Coin, where rooms start from £65 per night, offering excellent value just 800 meters from Côte des Basques Beach. The modern, spotlessly clean rooms provide all essential amenities for a comfortable coastal stay.
A short walk from Grande Plage, Nami House welcomes guests with its laid-back surf atmosphere and shared kitchen facilities. Private rooms begin at £75, while social dormitory spaces cost £28, making it perfect for solo adventurers.
The newly renovated Ibis Budget Biarritz positions visitors perfectly between Marbella Beach and the city center. Their bright, air-conditioned rooms feature ocean-inspired décor and start at £55 during off-peak seasons, proving that beachside comfort needn't break the bank.
Culinary Journey Through Basque Flavors
Top Restaurants for Local Specialties
Le Clos Basque enchants diners with its inventive take on regional dishes, served in a charming stone-walled setting. Their signature axoa de veau and fresh-caught merlu showcase the finest local ingredients from both land and sea.
Near the bustling Port des Pêcheurs, Casa Juan Pedro draws crowds for its masterfully prepared chipirons and authentic pintxos. The restaurant's waterfront terrace provides stunning views of fishing boats bringing in the daily catch.
Make your way to La Belloteka for modern interpretations of Galician-Basque fusion cuisine. Their charcoal-grilled meats and octopus dishes earned them recognition among discerning food enthusiasts across the region. The abstract murals and exposed stone walls create an atmosphere that perfectly matches their creative culinary approach.
Food Markets and Local Produce
The Les Halles market buzzes with energy from dawn, as vendors arrange pristine displays of regional delicacies. Early morning shoppers mingle with local chefs selecting the day's finest ingredients, from glistening fresh-caught fish to mountain cheeses.
Passionate merchants share stories behind their artisanal products, offering samples of Bayonne ham aged in century-old cellars or wild mushrooms foraged from nearby forests. Marie's celebrated mushroom stand features cèpes and chanterelles at prices 30% below city rates.
The market transforms into a social hub around noon, when visitors gather at small tables to enjoy fresh oysters paired with crisp white wine. Local farmers bring seasonal vegetables and fruits, while specialty vendors showcase Espelette peppers and homemade preserves that capture authentic Basque flavors.
Transport Links to Bordeaux and Beyond
Regular TGV high-speed trains connect Biarritz to Bordeaux in just under 2 hours, with departures running throughout the day from early morning until evening. Budget-conscious travelers can opt for FlixBus services, offering comfortable coaches at competitive rates with journey times around 3 hours.
From Bordeaux, passengers gain access to an extensive transportation network. Direct flights from Bordeaux Airport serve major European destinations, while the city's rail hub provides swift connections to Paris, Lyon, and other French regions.
For those seeking flexibility, car rental services at both Biarritz and Bordeaux stations enable exploration of the scenic Basque coast at your own pace. Local transport companies also operate shared shuttle services between the two cities, perfect for small groups or business travelers.
Proximity to Spanish Border and Bilbao
Positioned just 35 kilometers from the Spanish frontier, Biarritz serves as a perfect gateway to northern Spain's cultural treasures. The vibrant city of Bilbao, home to the renowned Guggenheim Museum, lies a mere 150 kilometers away along the stunning Bay of Biscay coastline.
Cross-border travel between these two Basque gems takes under 90 minutes by car, following the scenic coastal route through San Sebastian. Modern bus services connect both cities multiple times daily, with fares starting from €10, making cultural exploration accessible for every budget.
The proximity creates a unique Franco-Spanish atmosphere, evident in the shared Basque heritage, architecture, and gastronomy. Local markets in both cities showcase similar regional specialties, while their respective surfing communities frequently collaborate on international events.
Getting to the Pearl of the Basque Coast
Flying into Biarritz Airport: Essential Info
Biarritz Pays Basque Airport welcomes travelers with convenient terminal hours from 5:30 AM to 11:00 PM daily. The modern facility offers complimentary Wi-Fi throughout its premises, making pre-flight work or entertainment seamless.
For smooth travel planning, arrive at least 2 hours before domestic flights and 2.5 hours for international departures. The airport serves multiple European destinations through carriers like Air France, EasyJet, and Ryanair.
Your comfort matters with amenities including duty-free shopping, cafes serving local Basque specialties, and a dedicated business aviation terminal. Families traveling with young children benefit from special assistance services, while the information desk remains open from 8 AM to 10:15 PM to address any queries.
The baggage claim area features clear signage in multiple languages, ensuring a stress-free arrival experience.
Train Connections from London and Paris
Direct TGV services from Paris Montparnasse reach Biarritz in just over 4 hours, with fares starting from €50 when booked in advance. First and second-class carriages offer power outlets and refreshment services throughout the journey.
Travelers from London can take the Eurostar to Paris Nord, then transfer to Montparnasse for their connection to Biarritz. The total journey takes approximately 8 hours, including the cross-Paris transfer. Peak season tickets should be secured 3-4 months ahead for the best rates.
Morning departures from both capitals prove most popular, allowing afternoon arrival in this celebrated Gascon town. Weekend services tend to fill quickly, particularly during summer months when European royalty and surf enthusiasts alike flock to the Grande Plage.
