The ultimate guide to Biarritz: where French elegance meets Atlantic surf culture

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Biarritz-Basque CountrySporting ActivitiesWell-beingCultural HeritageNature and Outdoor ActivitiesCoastal

Reading time: 0 minPublished on 10 April 2025

Nestled between the Atlantic Ocean and the Pyrénées mountains, Biarritz stands as a captivating blend of French elegance and vibrant surf culture. This pearl of the Basque Coast, located just 35 kilometers from Spain, transformed from a humble fishing village into Europe's surfing capital while maintaining its prestigious heritage as a royal resort. Today, Biarritz enchants visitors with its golden beaches, world-class waves, rich Basque culture, and an atmosphere that perfectly balances luxury with laid-back coastal living.

A Jewel of the French Basque Country

The beach in winter, in Biarritz in the Basque Country.
© Dani Fuentes Ortiz / Unsplash - The beach in winter, in Biarritz in the Basque Country.

Strategic Location Between Mountains and Sea

This remarkable geographical position places Biarritz just 25 kilometers from the Pyrenees peaks while offering direct access to the Bay of Biscay's finest beaches. The proximity to both Spain and France creates a unique cultural fusion, evident in the local architecture and cuisine.

The city's natural setting provides spectacular vantage points. From the iconic lighthouse, visitors can marvel at panoramic views spanning from the Spanish coastline to the rolling waves of the Atlantic. This privileged position also ensures mild temperatures year-round, making outdoor activities possible in every season.

Beyond the natural beauty, Biarritz's location serves as an ideal base for exploring the wider region. Within an hour's drive, travelers can reach San Sebastian's renowned pintxos bars or venture into the Pyrenees for mountain hiking adventures.

The Journey from Fishing Village to Royal Resort

The transformation of Biarritz began in the mid-19th century when Empress Eugénie fell in love with this modest fishing settlement of just 800 inhabitants. Upon convincing Napoleon III to build their summer palace in 1854, the town's destiny changed forever.

The construction of the magnificent Hôtel du Palais sparked a wave of aristocratic tourism. Queen Victoria made regular visits over three decades, while Edward VII and Alfonso XIII of Spain helped establish Biarritz as Europe's most fashionable coastal destination.

By 1860, the arrival of the railway connected Biarritz to Paris, bringing wealthy visitors to experience its therapeutic sea baths and elegant social scene. Grand hotels, casinos, and luxurious villas soon dotted the coastline, cementing the town's reputation as the "resort of kings and queen of resorts."

Why Biarritz Captivates Visitors Year After Year

Modern Biarritz masterfully balances its prestigious past with contemporary allure. The city's Grande Plage buzzes with energy as surfers catch waves alongside swimmers enjoying the golden sand. At Les Halles market, locals and visitors mingle over fresh oysters and regional specialties, creating an authentic atmosphere that defines Basque living.

The town's thalassotherapy centers offer luxurious seawater treatments, drawing wellness enthusiasts from across Europe. Nature lovers appreciate the dramatic coastal walks between sandy beaches, while culture seekers explore the Museum of the Sea's fascinating exhibits.

Year-round events showcase everything from international surfing competitions to Basque pelota tournaments, ensuring the city maintains its vibrant spirit through every season. The mild climate, combined with world-class golf courses and excellent shopping, makes Biarritz an appealing destination for both short breaks and extended stays.

The Iconic Beaches of Biarritz

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© yanb / adobestock

Grande Plage: The Heart of Beach Life

Stretching along 1.5 kilometers of pristine coastline, Grande Plage welcomes beachgoers with its distinctive striped parasols and art deco architecture. The beach's gentle slope makes it particularly suitable for families, while dedicated swimming zones ensure safety during peak summer months.

Morning yoga sessions and beach volleyball courts add to the dynamic atmosphere, transforming this historic spot into a hub of wellness and recreation. The Mickey Beach Club provides supervised activities for children aged 3-12, featuring trampolines and educational games in a secure environment.

Local vendors along the promenade offer everything from fresh ice cream to traditional Basque snacks, creating a perfect blend of relaxation and entertainment. When the tide rolls in, watch as skilled surfers navigate the waves while street performers entertain crowds gathering for spectacular sunset views.

Best Spots for Swimming and Sunbathing

Port Vieux Beach offers a sheltered cove perfect for families seeking calm waters. Its natural rock formation protects swimmers from strong Atlantic currents, creating an ideal environment for peaceful dips and leisurely sunbathing.

The expansive Milady Beach draws visitors with its grassy areas above the golden sand, providing extra space for relaxation. Its modern boardwalk and convenient facilities make it a favorite among European royalty and local sun-seekers alike.

Miramar Beach beckons those pursuing tranquility, nestled at the foot of renowned thalassotherapy centres. Here, the morning hours present pristine conditions for swimming, while the afternoon sun transforms the beach into a serene spot for basking in the warm rays.

Consider visiting these beaches during spring or autumn when temperatures remain pleasant and crowds thin out considerably.

Where to Find the Perfect Wave?

La Côte des Basques stands as the birthplace of European surfing, delivering consistent waves suitable for all skill levels. The spot works best at low tide, with gentle rollers near the northern end for beginners.

Experienced surfers flock to Marbella Beach's powerful reef break, especially during autumn swells. This challenging spot demands respect for its strong currents and rocky bottom.

Between the iconic Villa Belza and the lighthouse, Grande Plage serves up dynamic beach breaks. The waves here vary from mellow summer sets to punchy winter barrels, making it a favorite among local wave riders.

For those seeking less crowded waves, the hidden gem of Milady Beach produces excellent right-handers when northwest swells hit the Gascon town's coastline.

Europe's Surfing Capital

Top Surf Schools and Rental Shops

Renowned Jo Moraiz Surf School leads Biarritz's surf education scene since 1966, offering multilingual instruction and premium equipment. Their innovative teaching methods blend traditional techniques with modern approaches, ensuring rapid progress for newcomers.

Near the heart of town, Hastea Surf Shop provides comprehensive rental services with boards ranging from beginner-friendly foamies to high-performance shortboards. Their expert staff guides visitors in selecting equipment matched to their abilities.

Paradise Surf School distinguishes itself with small group sizes and flexible scheduling, making it popular among international visitors. They maintain a fleet of quality boards and offer wetsuit rentals adapted to each season's conditions.

Most schools provide package deals combining accommodation with daily lessons, creating an immersive learning experience in the Basque surf culture.

Best Seasons for Catching Waves

The autumn months of September to November bring Biarritz's most consistent swells, with offshore winds creating clean wave faces perfect for intermediate and advanced surfers. Water temperatures remain pleasant during this period, typically around 19°C (66°F).

Summer delivers gentler waves and warmer conditions, making June through August ideal for newcomers to the sport. During these months, morning sessions offer the cleanest conditions before the afternoon winds pick up.

Winter unleashes powerful North Atlantic swells from December through February, transforming Biarritz's breaks into challenging peaks that attract experienced wave riders from across Europe. Spring sees a gradual transition to milder conditions, with March to May featuring variable swells and fewer crowds in the lineup.

Surf Culture and Lifestyle

The vibrant surf scene in Biarritz blends seamlessly with the city's sophisticated character. Local cafés buzz with wave riders sharing stories over morning espresso, while artists showcase surf-inspired works in beachfront galleries.

The culture extends beyond the waves into daily life. Dawn patrol surfers mingle with business professionals at the numerous beach bars, creating a unique social atmosphere. La Maison du Surf serves as a cultural hub, hosting photography exhibitions and film screenings that celebrate the sport's heritage.

Near the Spanish border, weekly markets feature handcrafted surfboards alongside fresh fish and local produce, embodying the harmonious fusion of Basque traditions with modern surf lifestyle. Young entrepreneurs have established eco-conscious surf brands, reflecting the community's commitment to ocean preservation.

Must-Visit Attractions in Town

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© adobe stock

The Majestic Hotel du Palais

Originally built as Napoleon III's summer residence in 1854, this architectural masterpiece now stands as France's only palace hotel on the Atlantic coast. The recently renovated property perfectly captures the essence of Second Empire grandeur with its distinctive red-and-cream facade.

Guests can indulge in the splendid Guerlain Spa, spanning 3,000 square meters across five floors, where the signature Imperial treatment pays homage to Empress Eugénie's beauty rituals. The hotel's La Rotonde restaurant presents refined Basque cuisine while offering panoramic views of the ocean.

The 142 rooms, including 56 suites, showcase period furnishings and rare artworks. Notable past visitors include Frank Sinatra, Coco Chanel, and Charlie Chaplin, each contributing to the hotel's storied legacy.

Phare de Biarritz and Coastal Views

Standing proudly at 73 meters above sea level, this iconic white lighthouse marks the transition between the sandy Landes coastline and Basque Country's rocky shores. The climb up its 248 steps rewards visitors with breathtaking 360-degree vistas stretching from the Spanish border to the endless Landes beaches.

The lighthouse opens daily except January 1st and December 25th, with entrance fees at €5 for adults and €3 for children aged 4-15. Morning visits offer crystal-clear views of the Pyrénées mountains, while sunset sessions transform the bay into a canvas of golden hues.

Around the lighthouse, well-maintained paths lead to peaceful viewpoints perfect for photography enthusiasts. The surrounding gardens, dotted with tamarisk trees, provide welcome shade during summer months.

The Fascinating Aquarium Experience

Housing more than 5,000 marine species, the Biarritz Aquarium welcomes nature enthusiasts into an extraordinary underwater world. The centerpiece features a massive 1.5-million-liter tank where hammerhead sharks glide gracefully alongside elegant rays.

The facility's crown jewel, a Caribbean coral reef exhibit, showcases vibrant tropical fish in their natural habitat. Young explorers particularly enjoy the interactive touch pools, where they can safely meet starfish and gentle rays under expert guidance.

Beyond simple observation, the aquarium's research center leads vital conservation projects. Their successful sea turtle rehabilitation program has returned numerous specimens to the Bay of Biscay, demonstrating the facility's commitment to marine preservation.

Morning visits between 9-11am offer the best viewing opportunities, as many species are most active during feeding time.

Regina Experimental: Art Deco Splendor

Perched dramatically on the cliffs, the Regina Experimental showcases the finest example of Belle Époque architecture along the Basque coast. The hotel's monumental 15-meter atrium creates an awe-inspiring first impression, crowned by an elegant Eiffel-designed glass roof that bathes the space in natural light.

French designer Dorothée Meilichzon has masterfully blended maritime influences with classic Art Deco elements throughout the 72 rooms. Rich blues and deep greens complement custom-crafted furniture, while handpicked artworks celebrate the region's surfing heritage.

The creative brasserie draws inspiration from Basque culinary traditions, serving refined dishes on a spectacular terrace overlooking the lighthouse. A carefully curated boutique features local designers, while the Susanne Kaufmann spa offers treatments that harness both Alpine and oceanic healing traditions.

Savoring Local Flavors

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© adobe stock

Traditional Basque Restaurants

Discover authentic Basque flavors at La Table Basque, where local chefs transform fresh market ingredients into memorable dishes. The restaurant's signature axoa de veau, prepared with tender veal and Espelette peppers, exemplifies centuries-old cooking traditions.

Near the Port des Pêcheurs, family-run establishments serve hearty classics like ttoro, a rich fisherman's stew brimming with the morning's catch. Many locals favor Le Clos Basque, tucked away in a historic townhouse, for its modern interpretations of time-honored recipes.

Expert tip: Reserve your table between 1:30 and 3:00 PM to dine alongside Basque families and experience the authentic atmosphere of long, leisurely lunches. Most kitchens proudly display their daily specials on traditional chalkboards, highlighting seasonal ingredients from nearby markets.

Seafood Spots by the Harbor

The charming Port des Pêcheurs houses Le Corsaire, where fresh-caught fish arrives daily from local boats. Their signature grilled sea bass with Espelette pepper sauce perfectly captures the essence of Basque maritime cuisine.

Along the harbor wall, Maritime serves spectacular seafood platters featuring oysters from nearby Arcachon Bay. The covered terrace offers stunning views of fishing vessels returning with their daily catch.

For those seeking the ultimate ocean-to-table experience, Chez Albert presents an impressive selection of locally sourced shellfish. Their lobster tanks hold live specimens from the Bay of Biscay, while the daily specials board highlights seasonal catches like red mullet and line-caught hake. Most tables provide views of the sunset over the harbor's colorful fishing boats.

Casual Dining and Food Markets

The bustling Les Halles market pulses with energy each morning as locals gather to select fresh produce and regional specialties. Open daily from 7:30 AM to 2 PM, this covered marketplace welcomes visitors with aromatic coffee stands and casual breakfast spots.

Around the market, cozy cafés and relaxed bistros offer affordable lunch options. Try the popular Bar Jean where locals and tourists mingle over pintxos and chilled txakoli wine. The nearby food trucks serve modern takes on Basque street food, perfect for a quick beach picnic.

For budget-conscious travelers, the market's deli counters provide ready-to-eat local delicacies. Pick up some Bayonne ham, regional cheese, and fresh baguettes - then head to the beach for an authentic French picnic experience that won't break the bank.

Planning Your Visit

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© adobe stock

Weather Patterns Through the Seasons

Biarritz enjoys a distinctive maritime climate shaped by its unique position along the Bay of Biscay. Summer temperatures remain pleasantly moderate, hovering between 20-25°C from June through September, making outdoor activities comfortable even during peak afternoon hours.

The region experiences its most dramatic weather from October through December, when powerful Atlantic storms bring spectacular wave displays and refreshing rainfall. Winter maintains surprisingly mild conditions, with daytime readings rarely dropping below 12°C.

Spring emerges gradually with morning mists giving way to bright afternoons, while the warming waters of the Bay of Biscay create perfect conditions for water sports enthusiasts. March through May sees temperatures steadily climbing from 15°C to 20°C, accompanied by decreased rainfall and longer daylight hours.

Best Times for Different Activities

Water sports enthusiasts will find July and August ideal for swimming and paddleboarding, with calm seas and extended daylight hours until 9:30 PM. Beach volleyball tournaments come alive during these peak months, drawing players from across Europe.

Early risers benefit from tranquil morning sessions at Grande Plage between 7-9 AM, perfect for yoga and meditation by the shore. Photography buffs should plan their visits for October, when dramatic cloud formations create stunning backdrops against the lighthouse.

Cultural explorers will appreciate the vibrant atmosphere during the Biarritz Festival in May, featuring local music and dance performances. For food lovers, September brings the celebrated Basque gastronomy week, when restaurants showcase special menus highlighting regional specialties at their seasonal best.

Essential Travel Tips and Safety Information

Staying safe in Biarritz requires awareness of ocean conditions. Check the color-coded flag system displayed at every beach - green means safe swimming, while red indicates dangerous conditions. Keep valuables secure in hotel safes rather than bringing them to crowded beaches.

Medical facilities in Biarritz provide excellent care, with English-speaking staff at the main hospital on Avenue Jacques Loëb. Store emergency numbers in your phone: dial 15 for medical emergencies or 17 for police assistance.

For women traveling solo, Biarritz ranks among France's safest coastal destinations. The well-lit promenades and active nightlife create a secure environment. When using public transport, purchase a rechargeable Chronoplus card from any tobacco shop - this saves money and prevents fumbling with cash.

Beyond Biarritz

Day Trips to Bordeaux and Wine Country

A scenic two-hour train journey connects Biarritz to Bordeaux's renowned wine region. The high-speed rail service runs multiple times daily, making spontaneous excursions convenient for wine enthusiasts.

The historic Saint-Émilion area beckons with its medieval architecture and prestigious vineyards. Here, expert sommeliers guide visitors through underground cellars, sharing secrets of wine production while offering tastings of celebrated vintages.

Venture into the Médoc peninsula, where grand châteaux dot the landscape. Many estates welcome visitors for intimate tours, revealing centuries-old winemaking traditions. Consider booking a private guide who can arrange exclusive access to family-owned vineyards typically closed to the public.

Early morning departures from Biarritz allow full appreciation of Bordeaux's wine heritage, with return options available until late evening.

Rugby Culture and Local Sports

The Biarritz Olympique rugby team embodies the city's passionate sporting spirit since 1913. Their home stadium, Parc des Sports Aguiléra, resonates with the cheers of devoted fans during thrilling match days.

Young talents flourish at the club's renowned training center, where 29 promising athletes currently develop their skills. Many graduates now shine in France's top divisions, including stars like Maxime Lucu at UBB.

Beyond rugby, the city buzzes with diverse athletic pursuits. The France Surf Center attracts wave riders year-round, while traditional Basque pelota matches showcase the region's unique sporting heritage. Local sports facilities welcome both residents and visitors, fostering a vibrant community centered around physical activity and competition.

Getting to the Pearl of Aquitaine France

Biarritz Airport: Your Gateway to the Region

Located just 3 kilometers from the city center, Biarritz Pays Basque Airport welcomes travelers with modern amenities and efficient services. The terminal features welcoming cafés, duty-free shopping, and comfortable waiting areas with free Wi-Fi access.

Regular flights connect Biarritz to major European hubs including Paris, London, and Geneva. During peak summer months, additional routes serve Dublin, Stockholm, and Madrid, making the French Basque coast readily accessible to international visitors.

Ground transportation includes dedicated taxi stands, car rental agencies, and the convenient Line 11 bus running every 30 minutes between the airport and downtown Biarritz. The journey takes just 10 minutes and costs €2, offering travelers an economical transfer option.

Connecting to San Sebastian and Bilbao

Frequent FlixBus services link Biarritz to both Spanish cities, with journey times of 45 minutes to San Sebastian and 2 hours to Bilbao. Budget-conscious travelers appreciate fares starting from €7, while those seeking flexibility can opt for direct taxi transfers.

The train route offers a scenic alternative through the Basque countryside. Take the SNCF service to Hendaye, then switch to Euskotren for connections to both destinations. The complete journey showcases stunning coastal views along the way.

Rental cars provide freedom to explore charming stops like Saint-Jean-de-Luz, a peaceful fishing village that makes a perfect break in your journey. The coastal road D912 winds past dramatic cliffs and hidden beaches, transforming the transfer into a memorable part of your Basque Country experience.

Transport Options from London and Europe

Reaching Biarritz from London and major European cities has become increasingly convenient. The Eurostar high-speed service connects London to Paris in just over two hours, where travelers can seamlessly transfer to direct TGV trains bound for Biarritz.

Budget-conscious travelers will find excellent value with advance bookings, particularly during off-peak seasons between October and March. Peak summer months see increased demand, making early reservations essential.

For those preferring air travel, direct flights operate from London Stansted and Gatwick airports, with flight times around two hours. European hubs like Amsterdam, Brussels, and Frankfurt offer connecting services through major carriers.

Consider purchasing a Rail Europe Pass for extended European trips, enabling flexible travel across France while exploring charming stops along the Atlantic coast.

 

By The editor

The editorial staff of France.fr follows the trends and news of destinations to bring you stories from France that reveal its innovations and traditions that make you long to (re) discover its territories.