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Henri IV (1553-1610)

Biography

Henri IV (1553-1610)

The first king of the Bourbon Dynasty and one of the most popular kings of ...France, Henry IV of France took the decision to abjure Protestantism. He was crowned in Chartres (25th February 1594) and signed the Edict of Nantes (13th April 1598) which led to the end of the Wars of Religion. Peace had finally come to unified France.
Louis XIV (1638-1715)

Biography

Louis XIV (1638-1715)

The reign of the Sun King was the longest in the history of the French monarchy. ...Establishing a system of absolute monarchical rule, Louis XIV announced to his ministers that he intended to govern the country alone. He would instead rely on men in which he had great trust, like Colbert.
Henry II (1519-1559)

Biography

Henry II (1519-1559)

Henry II, the son of Francis 1st and Claude of France, was marked by his ...captivity as a child in Spain in 1526 as a hostage with his brother until payment of the ransom for his father in 1530. The "sullen" king, was a secretive person of melancholy moods, a lover of tournaments and violent exercises.

Henry III (1551-1589)

Biography

Henry III (1551-1589)

Henry III, the last of the Valois, was the third son of Henry II and Catherine ...de Médicis. He was Duke of Orléans, Duke of Anjou and then Lieutenant General. He won battles over the Protestants at Jarnac, Poitiers and Moncontour (1569).
Étienne Marcel (1316-1358)

Biography

Étienne Marcel (1316-1358)

Provost of the Parisian merchants and delegate of the Third Estate during the ...Estates General of 1356-1357, Etienne Marcel led the people to revolt and became a leading figure in the Parisian uprising, before being abandoned by the bourgeois and assassinated by Jean Maillart.
Philip V the Tall (1293-1322)

Biography

Philip V the Tall (1293-1322)

The brother of Louis X and second son of Philip the Fair, he became regent upon ...his brother’s death and was crowned king after the death of his nephew, who only survived 5 days, imposing himself with the support of the States-General, at the expense of the daughter of Louis X, Joan.
Philippe VI de Valois (1293-1349)

Biography

Philippe VI de Valois (1293-1349)

The three sons of Philip the Fair not having produced a male descendant, Edward ...III of England, the grandchild through his mother Joan II of Navarre of Philip the Fair, was dismissed for the son of Philip the Fair’s brother, Philip VI of Valois, crowned king on 29 May, 1328.
Philippe de Commines (1447-1511)

Biography

Philippe de Commines (1447-1511)

Political adviser to Louis XI as well as a diplomat and historian, the Memoirs ...of Philippe de Commines constitute important testimonies to the reigns of Charles VII, Louis XI and Charles VIII.
Philip I (1052-1108)

Biography

Philip I (1052-1108)

Under the reign of Philip I, the policy of the Capetian kings was drawn up. It ...focused on: consolidating the royal domain and suppressing vassals who were too powerful, including the most formidable of the time, William the Conqueror, the Duke of Normandy, who became King of England.
Louis X, called the Quarreler, the Headstrong, or the Stubborn (1289-1316)

Biography

Louis X, called the Quarreller ...(1289-1316)

The eldest son of Philip IV the Fair, at his premature death, Louis X was the ...first Capetian without a male heir. Left a widow by Margaret of Burgundy, his second wife, Clementia of Hungary, gave birth to a son after his death, who also died. Succession to the throne was now open.

Joan of Arc (1412-1431)

Biography

Joan of Arc (1412-1431)

Joan of Arc, the heroine of the Hundred Years War, known as the Maid of ...Orléans, was from peasant stock and could neither read nor write. She was born in Domrémy in the Meuse.
Jean II the Good (1319-1364)

Biography

Jean II the Good (1319-1364)

A brave knight, nicknamed “the Good”, after his liberation from London ...thanks to the Treaty of Brétigny, when John II learned that his son Louis of Anjou had escaped, effectively renouncing his role as a replacement hostage, John the Good, being an honourable man, returned to London to surrender himself. He died there.
Jacques Cartier (1491-1557)

Biography

Jacques Cartier (1491-1557)

The discovery of the Saint Lawrence River by the navigator Jacques Cartier, ...presenting France with the possibility of reaching the heart of the continent, was the most important discovery in America since that of Christopher Columbus.
Francis 1st (1494-1547)

Biography

Francis 1st (1494-1547)

In 1515, Francis 1st, head of the Valois-Angoulême branch, succeeded his cousin ...Louis XII, whose daughter, Claude de France, he had married, for a thirty-two year reign. It started with the wars with Italy, the victory of Marignano and the transfer of the Quattrocento to France.
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